In practice

Making change predictable

In shortChange costs less when the child knows what changed, what stayed the same and what they can do.

The idea

When something changes, the child has to update what they expected. That costs less when they know what changed, what stayed the same, and what they can do. First build a stable routine; then introduce variation, little by little, always saying what is different.

What to try

  • Announce the change in good time and say what stays the same.
  • Give two warnings before an activity ends, with a signal the child can see or hear.
  • Afterwards, check the child has updated: ask on another day, in another place.

The common mistake

Warning only at the moment, or changing everything at once.

Recognise this in someone? The Companion helps you think it through.Open the Companion ›Snip what matters and keep your own notes, ready to share with school.Open in Bounded Learn ›

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Short, plain pieces by the researchers and good writers.

Books

The Experience MachineAndy Clark · 2023

How the predictive brain shapes what we see, feel and do, with many everyday examples.

See on Amazon ›

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The science behind itHow strong the evidence is, the model, videos and references.

How strong the evidence is

Promising Good studies, but little tested with children at home or school, or the step to daily life is our interpretation.

For professionals who want to dig deeper: Lumipedia ›

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